Abstract

Author:
Bo Xiao, Jing Che

Doi: 10.7508/jra.01.2025.63.71

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

The Human-face petroglyphs of “located on adjacent rock faces” is a unique type of Human-face petroglyphs, which is distributed in the Xiliao River basin of Inner Mongolia and the Amur River basin of Russia. From their distribution characteristics, production techniques and type characteristics, there is a close relationship among these Human-face petroglyphs. The Human-face petroglyphs discovered in the Xiliao River basin exhibit a remarkable chronological continuity, with their production chronology traceable to the Baiyin Changhan phase of the Xinglongwa Culture, which dates back approximately 7000 years BP. This lineage extends through the early Zhaobaogou Culture and Hongshan Culture, and continued until the late Hongshan Culture. In the Far East region of Russia, the Human-face petroglyphs first appeared during the Maleshevo Culture period around 6000 years BP. Following an incubation phase within the Maleshevo Culture context, developed greatly in the subsequent period of the Voznesenskoye Culture. A series of studies suggest that this type of Human-face petroglyphs likely spread from the Xiliao River basin in Inner Mongolia to the Amur River basin in Russia.

KEYWORDS
Xiliao River, Amur River, Human-Face Petroglyphs, Age